Ocean shipping in international trade is the main mode of transport, international trade total volume of more than 2/3, the majority of China's import and export goods, are transported by sea transport modes. Maritime transport of large volume, low freight rates, channel lead in all directions, its advantage. But the speed is slow, risk is big sailing, sailing date is not easy and accurate, is its deficiencies.

According to the operation of the ship, ocean transport can be divided into the liner transport charter transport.

A. liner

A. liner transport characteristics:

( L ) liner fixed schedules, routes, ports of call and relatively fixed freight rate;

(2) included in the liner freight handling fee, the liner to the port by the officer;

(3) liner cargo quantity is more flexible, the owner according to the need of booking, particularly suitable for general groceries and container cargo transport.

B. liner freight.

Liner freight from the liner freight tariff provisions, including basic freight and various surcharge. Basic freight rate is divided into two categories: one is the traditional break-bulk freight; one is the container box rates.

(1) general cargo freight basically per freight ton for charging unit. According to gross billing, freight ton for ton, in the tariff to ' W ". According to the volume charging time, freight ton for cubic meters, in the tariff to" M". Tariffs to" W / M ' representation, i.e. by cargo gross weight (quantity number) or volume (cubic number), from a high charging. According to the freight tons of valuation of goods in general is divided into 20 grades, first cargo freight rate minimum, Twentieth cargo freight rate maximum.

Groceries but also by the commodity price or pieces meter collection fee. The bulk of low value goods, by the ship, goods agreed freight rate.

(2) container box rates in three ways

(1) FAK box rates ( Freight for All Kinds ), which is not divided into kinds of goods in each container, the rates charged.

(2) FCS box rates ( Freight for Class ). According to the class of goods made box rates,

(3) FCB box rates ( Frelsht for Class & Basis ), i.e. according to the class of goods and the different types of valuation standard rates.