Freight calculation

One, liner freight

( a ) the noun:

1 of the basic rate ( BASIC RATE ), refers to each accounting unit ( such as a fee tons ) of goods collection basic freight rate. Basic rate rate, cargo rates, ad valorem rates, special rates and a uniform rate of. Liner freight is composed of basic freight and the additional costs of two parts.

A surcharge of 2( SURCHARGES ): in order to maintain a certain period of time the basic rate stable, and can correctly reflect the port of various cargo shipping cost, liner companies in the basic rate, but also provides a variety of costs. Mainly:

(1) the fuel surcharge ( BUNKER SURCHARGE OR BUNKER ADJUSTMENT FACTOR--B.A.F. ). In fuel prices suddenly rises surcharge.

(2) devaluation surcharge ( DEVALUATION SURCHARGE OR CURRENCY ADJUSTMENT FACTOR--C.A.F. ) . In the devaluation of the currency, the ship for the actual income and not diminished, according to the basic rate of a certain percentage of the charge of the surcharge.

(3) transhipment surcharge ( TRANSHIPMENT SURCHARGE ) . Where to non-base port cargo shipped to the port of destination, the need to transfer, the ship to charge an additional fee, including transshipment fees and shipping freight.

(4) additional charges ( DIRECT ADDITIONAL ) . When transported to the non-base port cargo reach a certain volume, can be arranged to direct the harbor ship company without the additional transshipment surcharge.

(5) Overweight Surcharge ( HEAVY LIFT ADDITIONAL ) additional surcharge ( LONG LENGTH ADDITIONAL ) and oversize surcharge ( SURCHARGE OF BULKY CARGO ). When a piece of cargo gross weight or length or volume or more than the prescribed value surcharge freight surcharge.

(6) port surcharge ( PORT ADDITIONAL OR PORT SUECHARGE ). Some ports due to poor conditions or equipment loading and unloading efficiency is low, and other reasons, the shipping company surcharge surcharge.

(7) port congestion surcharge ( PORT CONGESTION SURCHARGE ). Some port due to overcrowding, berth time increases and the surcharge surcharge.

(8) selected port surcharge ( OPTIONAL SURCHARGE ). The cargo consignment fashion can not determine the specific requirements of discharging port, in advance of two or more than two port select a port, the ship surcharge surcharge.

(9) alteration of discharging port surcharge ( ALTERNATIONAL OF DESTINATION CHARGE ) the owner is required to change the original provisions of goods port, the relevant authorities (such as customs ) permission, consent of the ship and the surcharge surcharge.

(10) deviation surcharge ( DEVIATION SURCHARGE ). Due to the normal channel suffocate suffocate impassable, the ship must take a detour to the goods to the port of destination, the ship the surcharge surcharge.

( two) the calculation of freight standard (BASIS/UNIT FOR FREIGHT CALCULATION ): usually according to the weight of goods; goods according to the size or volume; goods according to the weight or size, choose which freight charge higher freight goods; according to FOB prices charged as a percentage fee, known from freight; each piece is a unit of land; temporary price agreed upon by both cargo freight charge, called bargaining.

( three) freight calculation steps:

(1) the selection of related rate;

(2) according to the name of the goods, in goods classification tables to freight calculation standard ( BASIS ) and ( CLASS grade );

(3) in the grade rate basic rate part, find the corresponding routes, loading port, port of destination, according to the grade check to the basic freight rate.

(4) from the surcharge part found all the accounts receivable (pay ) the additional fee and amount ( or percentage) and currency;

(5) according to the basic fare surcharge and calculate actual freight;

(6) X = freight rate freight freight ton

In two, charter freight calculation:

Voyage charter freight rate in some provisions, according to goods per unit weight or volume a certain amount calculation; some provisions of the package ( LUMPSUM FREIGHT ). Rates are high or low is mainly determined by market supply demand relations, but also with the transport distance, the types of goods, loading and unloading rate, port, handling charges and commissions related to the division. Contract of freight by weight ( INTAKEN QUANTITY ) or landed weight ( DELIVERED QUANTITY ) calculation, freight prepaid or collect, shall be prescribed. Special attention should be paid to the freight payable time means that the shipowner date received, rather than the Charterers to pay date.

Unloading charge division method:

(1) Liner terms ( GROSS OR LINER OR BERTH TERMS ) also known as the " Liner terms".

(2) free handling fee ( FREE IN AND OUT--FIO ) with this condition, even clear stowed and trimming charges will burden. Generally stated Charterers burden, that is free of loading and unloading, fiost fee conditions ( FREE IN AND OUT, STOWED, TRIMMED--F.I.O.S.T. ).

(3) the ship pipe installed regardless of discharge (FREE OUT--F.O. ) condition.

(4) the ship pipe unloading device ( FREE IN--F.I. ) condition no matter.

Three, container freight

At present, container cargo freight rate system more inland freight mature. Basically divided into two categories, one category is from general cargo freight calculation method, namely with per freight ton unit ( commonly known as the bulk price), another kind is to each container for billing unit ( commonly known as package box price ).

1pieces of groceries base rate plus fee:

(1) the basic rate - Reference tradition groceries freight, with freight ton as the calculating unit, most routes using class rate.

(2) surcharge - in addition to the traditional grocery received conventional surcharge, there is some and container transport of goods related to the additional fee.

2box rates ( BOX RATE ): this rate to each container for charging unit, commonly used in container delivery situation, namely the CFS-CY or CY-CY terms, common box rates has the following three kinds of forms:

(1) FAK box rates ( FREIGHT FOR ALL KINDS ) -- that is, for each container is subdivided in cargo, regardless of volume ( in important limit ) a unified freight rate.

(2) FCS box rates ( FREIGHT FOR CLASS ) -- according to the different class of goods made box rates, container and general cargo classification and grocery transport method, is the1-20 level, but the container cargo rate difference is substantially smaller than the grocery rate differential, generally low class container charge than traditional transportation, high price cargo container is lower than the traditional transport; the same grade goods, cargo container freight rates higher than the volume of freight. Visible, shipping companies to encourage people to expensive goods and bulk cargo container transport. At this rate, LCL freight calculation with traditional transportation, according to the name of the goods check level, calculating the standard, and then to set the corresponding rate, multiplied by the freight ton, the freight.

(3) FCB box rates ( FREIGHT FOR CLASS or BASIS ) - this is according to the different class of goods or goods as well as the calculation of standard rates.